Managing Behaviors in Individuals with Dementia
January 18, 2025 | Source: Gary Forer
Managing Behaviors in Individuals with Dementia
The topic of managing behaviors in those with dementia is often a challenging and uncomfortable one. It’s difficult to imagine a loved one experiencing dementia, and even more so when they display behaviors that are so different from what you've always known. These changes can be unsettling, both for the person with dementia and for their caregivers.
The reality is that dementia is a progressive condition, and despite how much we wish it were otherwise, it’s unlikely to improve. In fact, symptoms often worsen over time. Understanding how to manage these behaviors and provide the best care is no easy task, and there is no one-size-fits-all solution. However, person-centered care—where the individual is assessed and treated based on their unique needs—can make a significant difference.
Person-centered care aims to reduce anxiety and provide a safe, comfortable environment for those with dementia. By understanding the person’s behaviors and preferences, caregivers can create a more peaceful and supportive atmosphere. Below are some strategies to consider when managing dementia-related behaviors:
Key Strategies for Managing Behavior
Be Patient and Calm
When dealing with someone with dementia, patience is essential. Avoid arguing or correcting them, as this can escalate frustration. Instead, maintain a soothing, calm demeanor, and try to project reassurance through your tone and body language.
Agree and Advocate
Sometimes, simply agreeing with the person, even if their thoughts or perceptions aren't entirely accurate, can help ease their distress. The goal is to make them feel supported and understood. Keep in mind that short-term memory loss may make it hard for them to remember specifics, but how you communicate and the sense of calm you convey will have a lasting impact.
Use Clear, Simple Communication
Speak in short, clear sentences. While you may not always fully understand what they’re saying, validating their feelings by agreeing with them can help alleviate frustration. This reinforces that you’re on their side and care about their well-being.
Create Distractions
One effective way to manage challenging behaviors is to guide the person toward a positive distraction. Engaging them in a calming activity, such as listening to soothing music or participating in a simple task, can help redirect their focus and reduce anxiety. Music, in particular, has a therapeutic effect on many individuals with dementia.
Maintain a Healthy, Comfortable Environment
The physical environment plays a crucial role in reducing agitation. A well-lit, well-ventilated space with natural sunlight and peaceful sounds, like birds chirping or soft music, can help create a calming atmosphere. Just spending time in nature, or even a garden, can be incredibly soothing.
Establish a Routine
Many individuals with dementia find comfort in routine. A predictable schedule can provide a sense of security, making the world feel less overwhelming. Physical activity, such as a gentle exercise routine, can also be beneficial. This routine helps manage the physical and emotional stress they may experience.
Listen and Offer Support
One of the most effective ways to reduce anxiety is simply by listening. Let the person know you are fully present and attentive to their needs. This act of validation can significantly decrease distress and provide comfort.
Things to Avoid
Avoid Arguing or Correcting
Never argue or attempt to correct someone with dementia, especially regarding their memory or perceptions. Doing so can lead to further confusion, frustration, and even aggression.
Don’t Mention Their Dementia
Refrain from reminding them that they have dementia, as this can cause feelings of embarrassment, confusion, or sadness. Instead, focus on creating a supportive environment where they feel valued and heard.
Minimize Loud Noises
Loud sounds can be unsettling, so try to keep noise levels low. Soothing music, soft lighting, and a calm atmosphere will help foster an environment of peace and relaxation.
The goal of managing behaviors in someone with dementia is not to change who they are but to help them feel as comfortable and safe as possible in their current state. By providing a structured, supportive environment and using person-centered strategies, you can reduce anxiety and improve their quality of life.